Two scholars -Dr. Wang Yidan, senior educational expert of the Ministry of Human Development of the World Bank and member of the National Education Consulting Committee、Former Dean of Shanghai Academy of Education，I have recently met at a small press conference at the Peking University Boya International Conference Center。
It happens to be，They each have the latest research results related to vocational skills education: Wang Yidan wrote a new book "World in the World: Education Flexibility in 2012、Skills Development and Employment Capability "(Chinese/English version) is published globally; Hu Ruiwen led the team to undertake the topic of the National Natural Science Foundation of China-" Research on the Construction and Fair Education Implementation 188bet mobile app android Mechanism of New National Education System "， It has achieved phased results for two years -a report entitled "Popularization of Graduates and Transformation and Development of Higher Education" is just released。
The common feature of the two reports is: the background of the continuous changes facing education is explained，Pointing out the uncoordinated between the current status of the education system and the needs of educational needs，and adjust the education policy、Education structure、Learning content and organizational management put forward policy recommendations，"Change"、"Transformation"、"Skills"、"Employment" ... Become the keywords with the most frequently in the report。
China Higher Education has embarked on high -speed trains: 30 years of super fast development of higher education popularization
Researcher as a Chinese education development、Tracker，Hu Ruiwen's trajectory of China's higher education leapfrog development since the reform and opening up is unclear —
According to international traffic standards，Brealing rates from the school -age population aged 18 to 22 divided the development level of higher education into three stages。below 15%belongs to the elite stage; 15%to 50%is called the popular stage; more than 50%is considered a popular stage。Recalling that year，1990 The gross enrollment rate of higher education in my country is only 2.3%，At the stage of elite level with a very low level of popularization;，In 2002, Mao admission rate reached 16%for the first time，It marks that my country's higher education has entered the stage of popularization; in 2011, the total number of higher education students in my country was 35.14 million，The gross enrollment rate of that year has reached 30%，Enter the popular mid -term stage。
This super fast development speed continues.
The latest statistics based on the education 188bet mobile app android and population census，The total number of higher education in my country has reached the expected scale of 2020 in 2012 in 2012。1%increased by the annual enrollment of ordinary colleges and colleges for several years、Adults and Internet specialized enrollment increases by 2%、Graduate enrollment increased by 3%for several years of development speed calculation，In 2020, the number of higher education in my country will exceed 41 million，By then, the gross enrollment rate of higher education from 18 to 22 will be close or more than 50%，Starting into the stage of popularization。
No doubt，China has really started the world's largest higher education，It has brought tremendous changes to China: not only expands the opportunity for enrollment of higher education，satisfied the strong desire of the majority of young people to receive higher education，At the same time, it has also become the most powerful force to support China's high -speed operation。
The situation of talent supply and demand has a great reversal: Everyone's white -collar workers are half -blue -collar and become inevitable
In the process of entered the stage of popularization of higher education in my country，High vocational colleges carry half of the country，Name Deputy Actually。
Current，my country 985 and 211 universities around 100，accounting for 4%of the total number of universities; other masters、Nearly 400 old undergraduate colleges with doctoral degree award，accounts for 16%of the total number of universities; more than 600 new undergraduate colleges with a small history of less than 600 schools，accounting for about 26%of the total number of universities; more than 54%of the total number of colleges and universities, more than 1,200 vocational colleges，The highest proportion on the territory of college。
The rapid development of higher education brings 188bet mobile app android a new pattern for the change of supply and demand relationship between college graduates。
According to human resources research expert speculation，2011 to 2020，my country's higher education graduates will reach 100 million people，Among them, 70 million graduates of ordinary colleges and universities。In the 1990s，Ordinary college graduates can only meet the needs of white -collar positions only 1/3; and in the first 10 years of the new century，The change has quietly appeared -the number of ordinary college graduates has begun to be greater than the total demand for white -collar positions; in the next 10 years，Ordinary college graduates will need to enter the blue -collar job for employment，Become a knowledgeable worker、Knowledge farmers and knowledge and skill -based business service staff。
This is not alarmist。This actual situation indicates，Higher Education Popularization is different from elite，It will inevitably be accompanied by a more extensive corresponding to it、More popular、More diverse talent employment structure。
According to Hu Ruiwen's research group prediction，In the context of major changes in the proportion of employment positions provided by the employment demand for graduates and the urban labor market，Even if the total enrollment scale of higher education in the next 10 years is increased at a rate of 1.5 annual average，In 2020, the total scale of higher education in my country will also exceed 40 million people。From the comparison of 3 10 years of digital changes，The replenishment of white -collar positions in the future can no longer meet all the needs of graduates of higher education，Regardless of whether personal willingness to be or not，A considerable number of university graduates to turn to blue -collar posts have become an inevitable trend。
Tuition fees、Paying youth，In the end, you have to 188bet online sports betting step into a blue -collar job，China, which is deeply influenced by the traditional culture of "learning and excellent"，It is an unacceptable result of ordinary people，It is also one of the potential cultural factors of the difficulty of employment in college graduates。
It is better to face it bravely instead of tangling: technical workers who master high skills are also excellent talents
The trend shows the law、It is necessary to indicate inevitable。Facing the trend of changes in future talent needs，How should Chinese education face it? Dr. Wang Yidan has brought important international information: Recently, a large number of scholars in global scholars have focused on the relationship between education and labor market and skills development。
Introduction to Wang Yidan，A report on "Connect the Educational Policy with the Labor Market Achievement"，Only paying attention to expanding basic education cannot greatly increase income and reduce poverty。Recent research emphasizes the improvement of the whole people、The role of knowledge on economic development，instead of a few elites' role in social development。Some people even think，For countries in the early stages of industrialization or the high -speed development stage,，Cultivating more engineering and technical personnel is far more important than cultivating the same number of lawyers。
History has proven，In a rapidly developing world，The development and competitiveness of the country depends on the labor force with skills。Low -income countries with rapid economic growth and underdeveloped secondary education，Development of secondary education and secondary vocational technical education is the focus。and for middle -income countries with fast economic growth，It should be given priority to the development of higher vocational and technical education and 188bet review training，Make higher vocational and technical education the most dynamic part of the education system。Facts，Many developed economies have implemented a strategy of expanding secondary education，Including expansion of vocational and technical education and training，A significant role in improving labor productivity and promoting economic prosperity。
The World Economic Outlook organized by the International Monetary Fund as a report: 1980 ~ 2000，The demand for skills, especially high -skilled labor, has been growing steadily，reached 40%or more，and no skill、The demand for low skill labor has been declining。
A family human resources company investigated 35,000 employers in 36 countries and regions in 2010，Among them, 41%of the employers said they could not find the appropriate skill talent。China also exists in this problem，Although many people can't find the ideal job，But many positions are commonly existed because many positions cannot find the person who matches the skills.。
Challenge is opportunities。How to reasonably adjust our educational structure? How to better cultivate diversity suitable for economic and social development、Highly skillful practical talents? All have become issues that are worthy of attention today。
Hu Ruiwen adjusts the structure of higher education、Transformation and development propose 6 suggestions。The most important point is，It is recommended to pass the legislative procedure，The National People's Congress is requested to adjust and revise the "Higher Education Law"，Article 5 of the current "Higher Education Law" on "the task of higher education is to cultivate senior specialized talents with innovative spirit and practical ability". Specialized talents and high -skilled workers "。In his opinion，Under the new situation，College of colleges and universities should be based on social 188bet mobile app android needs，Traditional concept of changing emphasis on elite education，Sinking the center of gravity with talent training，Increase the strength of structural adjustment。
Hu Ruiwen emphasized，To change the traditional concept of emphasis on elite education，Promote the scientific positioning of various schools in accordance with the needs of economic and social development and their own conditions，At the same time, the education of employment concepts under the popular education situation of college students。
Education background is an important factor affecting labor quality。The population of good education and skill itself is creation、Share、The basis of spreading and using knowledge to promote the development of knowledge economy。As the most closer to the public、The most creative vocational education，It should be a big thing。As a personal，tangled with its heart，Not as good as changing concepts，Brave facing -technical workers who master high skills，It is also a valuable talent of society。(Editor in charge: Cheng Jiating)
