"People's Daily" October 16, 2013 (Reporter Zhang Shuo) Question: The eighth report of socialism and Chinese Dream Propaganda Education Series -Let all people enjoy better and more fair education
October 15，Central Propaganda Department、The Working Committee of the Central Organization of the Central Committee、Central State Organ Working Committee、Ministry of Education、General Political Department of the PLA、The Beijing Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China jointly organized a series of reports of socialism and Chinese Dream Propaganda Education for Chinese Characteristics in Beijing。Minister of Education Yuan Guiren made a special report of "Efforts to Make all the people with better and fair education"。
Q: How to view the important status and role of education fairness in realizing the great rejuvenation Chinese dream of the Chinese nation?
Answer: The Chinese dream is the greatest dream of the Chinese nation in modern times，It is also the power source that inspired all people to work unremittingly for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics。Realize the Chinese Dream，It is the great revival of the Chinese nation，Let the Chinese people living in our great motherland and the great era，Enjoy the opportunity to have a lot of life，Enjoy the opportunity to realize dreams and become real，Enjoy the opportunity to grow up with the motherland and the times。
The Chinese Dream is the National Dream、Unification of national dreams and personal dreams。A socialist country like us，Priority development of education，Vigorously promote education fairness，Comprehensively improve education quality，Guarantee everyone to receive education equally，Achieve life dream，It is an important part of realizing the Chinese dream，It is also a strong support for realizing the Chinese dream。
Q: The scale of education is the basis for education fairness。Since the reform and opening up，my country is enhancing education supply capabilities，Provide all people with education opportunities，What important progress has been made?
Answer: Current，my country's education scale ranks first in the world，523,000 schools all over urban and rural areas，260 million students at school，1/5 for the national population。
Nine -year free compulsory education fully realized。When the New China was established，National illiteracy 188bet review rate 80%，188bet casino review Rural high 95%，Per capita education period is only 1.6 years。2000，More than 85%of the population is basically popularized for nine years of compulsory education，Basically eliminated young people's illiterate。until the end of 2011，All county -level administrative units nine -year compulsory education。
High School Education Steady Popularization。2002 High School Education Mao admission rate is 42.8%，It reached 85%in 2012，Top 10 years over，Most of the new labor force accepts high school stages and above education。
Occupation of important breakthroughs in vocational education。2012 Middle、The total scale of enrollment enrollment of higher vocational education reached 7.54 million, respectively、3.15 million，Half of the high school education and higher education。
Higher education enters popularization。1978 Mao admission rate 2.7%，5% in 1993。Starting to accelerate the development of higher education in 1999，2002 gross enrollment rate reached 15%，Enter the popular stage。2012，Mirror income rate is further increased to 30%。
The rapid development of preschool education。From 2010，Three -year action plan for preschool education，Newly built in various places、More than 90,000 kindergartens，Increased more than 10 million in children in the garden，The rate of Maoji Garden has increased by 13.6 percentage points，In 2012, it reached 64.5%，Achieve 60%of the "Twelfth Five -Year" goal in advance，"Difficult to enter the park" can be relieved。
Q: In recent years，The country continues to increase students with financial difficulties for families、Special groups and rural areas、The inclined intensity of the central and western regions，What specific policies and measures are there?
Answer: Increase the group of difficulties、Support for special groups and areas of difficult areas，It is an important task to promote fair education。
First，Sillery students with financial difficulties in the family。According to the first rural and back cities、Promotional strategies of the Middle East and the Middle East in the West and the Middle East，my country has gradually established a policy system for funding for students with a complete family economic difficulties from preschool education to graduate education。2012，The number of national students' funding increased from 27 million in 2006 to 84 million，The amount of funding has increased from 20 billion yuan to 110 billion yuan。
Second，Tilled to special groups。Carefully solve the issue of education with children，Definitely based on the management of government management、Policy mainly based on full -time public primary and secondary schools。I issued "Opinions on Doing a good job in the migrant workers in the city to receive compulsory education in the local area"，Establish specific implementation measures in various places。
Third，Like the countryside。Modern long -range education projects in rural primary and secondary schools in rural areas、Rural junior high school school building reconstruction project、Construction Project of Rural boarding school、Rural compulsory education weak school reconstruction plan、Promotion Project of Police Education in Rural School、A series of projects such as safety projects such as primary and secondary school buildings in the country，Improve the conditions of rural school running。Start the 188bet app pilot of nutritional 188bet casino review improvement plan for students in rural compulsory education students，Cover 699 counties in the Midwest，At the same time, there are 19 provinces、259 counties to carry out local pilots，Back to more than 30 million students。
Fourth，Tilled to the central and western parts。Improve the admission rate of college entrance examination in the central and western provinces，From 2008，The scale expanded from 35,000 in 2008 to 185,000 in 2013。Support the development of higher education in the Midwest，From 2001，Implementing counterpart support in the western region，At present, there have been 100 support colleges and universities to help 74 aid colleges and universities，Fully cover the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and Xinjiang production and construction military regiments in the west。Accelerate the development of national education，Comprehensively improve the education development level of ethnic minority and ethnic areas。
Q: Current，What difficulties and problems are still facing education fairness?
Answer: In the Party Central Committee、Under the leadership of the State Council，After many efforts，my country's education is fair for major steps，Get important progress、Significant results，But there are still many difficulties and problems，Highlighting in urban and rural、Area、School、The four major education gaps in the group。
Look from urban and rural areas，Rural education is still weak。It is mainly reflected in: insufficient funding，Whether it is elementary or junior high school，The investment in rural education funding is largely different from the city。Poor school conditions，Some rural school teaching instruments and equipment、Equipment and books did not meet national standards，Boarding school dormitory、Insufficient living facilities such as the cafeteria。Difficulties attracting outstanding teachers，Rural areas, especially in some remote poverty -stricken areas, work tasks for work tasks、Due to living conditions、There are fewer training opportunities，Outstanding Teacher "Do not go、Can't keep it "。
From the area,，Education development in the central and western regions is relatively lagging。The main manifestations are: limited financial resources，The gap between regional economic development brings a gap in education investment。Control dropout task heavy，The underdeveloped provinces and regions in the central and western regions，Especially remote、Poverty and minority areas，Compulsory education control the task of controlling dropout rates is still very difficult。
Look from school，Different levels of different schools are large。In recent years，The country vigorously promote the balanced development of compulsory education，Cancel the key school system，Effectively transform weak schools，But the brand -name effect accumulated by the key principals still exists，The gap between schools is difficult to completely change in the short term，Need a process。
Look from the group，Special group education guarantee level is not high。The child who relocated children received compulsory education and was initially resolved，But after receiving compulsory education, the problem of participating in the entrance examination in the local area is just starting，I haven't got it well.。Left -behind children are safe、Learning、There are still many problems 188bet casino review in the aspects of emotion。188bet online sports betting Special education is still a weak link in various education at all levels，Compulsory education rates of children with disabilities is lower than ordinary children，dropout rate is higher than ordinary children。
Q: Current and future period，What is the overall idea of advancing education fairness?
Answer: In general，At present, my country's education fairness is already in a new stage，The main contradictions have changed from the past "learning" to "good learning"。On the basis of existing work，Take greater strength、More realistic moves，Convert the beautiful ideal of education fairness into actual education actions，Transformed into the vital experience of the people。
Current and future period，To thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and a series of important speeches of General Secretary Xi Jinping，firmly put education in the strategic position of priority development，Clear division of labor、Implement responsibility，Continuously expand investment，Consolidation of national fiscal education expenditure accounts for 4%of the total domestic product，and form a long -term mechanism; firmly deepen education reform，Optimized educational expenditure structure，Improve funding use benefits，Promote the construction of a basic public education service system covering urban and rural areas，Gradually realize equalization of basic public education services; firmly unswervingly promote fairness as a national basic education policy，Take the most poor area and the most difficult group as a priority task，Take reasonable allocation of educational resources as the fundamental measure，Keep the bottom line、Make up shortcomings、Improve the level、Perfect system，Accelerate the reduction of urban and rural、Area、School、Group education development gap，Efforts to achieve higher levels of popularization education，Forms a fair education that benefits the whole people，Provide richer high -quality education，Constructing a complete lifelong education，Improved and vibrant education system。
Q: Current，Guarantee that every child is "learning" and there are still some weak links。How to "hold the bottom line" for the next step，Solve the difficult group、The actual difficulties facing special groups to school?
Answer: Current，my country is already an educational country，The people enjoy more education opportunities。But，Constantly improving the degree of popularization of various education at all levels，Provide the people more convenient、More diverse、higher levels of education opportunities，It is always the primary task to promote fair education。Pay more attention to children's education in poor areas，Study and formulate the "National Poverty Area Children's Development Plan"，Pay attention to the nutritional health and education development of children in poor areas。In -depth implementation of the "Education Poverty Alleviation Project"，Accelerate the advancement of high school education in poverty -stricken areas，Make junior high school graduates who have not been promoted to ordinary high school can receive secondary vocational education for free。To actively promote the equal acceptance of children entering the urban migrant workers，Under the urging localities to include the resident population into the regional education development plan，Urges all places 188bet mobile app android 188bet mobile app android to further do a good job in the policy connection of the relocated children in the local entrance examination and college entrance examination。To solve the problem of left -behind children's education，Comprehensive improvement of rural boarding school conditions，Improve the education conditions of left -behind children。To solve the education problem of disabled people，Research and Implementing "Special Education Action Plan"，The enrollment scale of special education schools is expanded、Increase various forms such as ordinary schools and other forms，Improve the level of compulsory education for children with disabilities。Continue to strengthen the construction of special education schools，By 2020，Basically realized the nationwide (city) and 300,000 people、Basically realized the nationwide (city) and 300,000 people。
Q: Promoting the focus of education in rural areas，Difficulties are also in the countryside。Current，Some schools in some rural poverty -stricken areas have not met the basic school conditions。What targeted measures should be taken in the next step?
Answer: The Ministry of Education、Development and Reform Commission、The Ministry of Finance is studying and formulating policies and measures to comprehensively improve the basic school conditions of weak schools in poor areas，According to the principle of "What to make up"，Use 3 to 5 years of time，Make all schools in these areas meet the basic school standards。First, with teaching facilities。Guarantee that the classroom is in line with earthquake resistance、Fire safety requirements，Each student has a qualified desk chair，Equipped with the necessary teaching instruments and books，Construction of sports fields for local conditions，Guarantee student exercise and activity space。The second is to match living facilities。Each boarding student has a standard bed，Equipped with the necessary bathing facilities，Canteen or houses meet students' meals，Make sure students drink water safety。Third, running a good teaching point。The necessary teaching points should be done。Accelerate the cultivation of the primary school "General Science Teacher" in accordance with the actual needs of schools below the township and the junior high school.，Preferential arrangements for free teachers and "special post" teachers to teach at the teaching site，For the township in a concentrated area,、Teachers who work in village schools and teaching sites to give life subsidies。
Q: Current，Compulsory education faces "school fever"、"Big Class"、Student's schoolwork burden and other deep problems，An important reason is that it is uneven development。Future，How to promote balanced development?
Answer: To promote balanced development，The Ministry of Education has all signed a memorandum of compulsory education with 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps，Constructing a mechanism for the central department and the provincial people's government to jointly promote the balanced development of compulsory education。Each county (city、District) also clarified the timetable for realizing the basic equilibrium of compulsory education in the county、Roadmap and task book。
Promote balanced development，Standardized construction from school、Teachers Balance、Source source balancing、Standardized school -run behavior、Starting supervision and evaluation and other 188bet mobile app android 188bet mobile app android aspects。Specifically，Strictly control the withdrawal of rural compulsory education schools，The school layout adjustment must be approved by the provincial government。Expansion and transformation of county and town schools，Solve the problem of "big class"。Give play to the radiation driving effect of high -quality schools，Education Group、Host、Training and pairing forms，Support to drive weak schools。Promote the scope of expanding the exchanges of teachers，Encourage outstanding principals and teachers to work in weak schools。Balanced of students is an important foundation for balanced development，Many places have actively explored this，To further increase the proportion of high -quality high school places to junior high school，Guide students to enroll in the nearest school。Standardized school -run behavior，Issuing the implementation rules of the nearby enrollment in the "Xiao Shengchu"，Implement online registration，Admissions information disclosure。Strengthen supervision evaluation，To solve the inter -school school gap in compulsory education schools in the county、Examiner the county -level government to promote the balanced development of compulsory education is two major points，Supervise and guide the standardization construction of compulsory education schools in various places，Balanced allocation of educational resources。This year is expected to complete 345 counties (cities in 24 provinces this year、District) National evaluation and identification work。
Q: Rural students go to college, especially key universities，Social high attention。What measures have the state taken in recent years? What measures will be taken?
Answer: In recent years，The proportion of rural students to college increases year by year，In 2000, rural students accounted for 48%of the total enrollment，In 2012, it reached 59.1%，Among them, the undergraduates increased from 44.1%to 52.5%。But，The proportion of key universities in rural students is still low。For this，In 2012, the special plan for targeted enrollment for nationally concentrated and continuous areas was implemented，Admission of more than 10,000 undergraduates，The number of key universities in these areas increases by about 10%。This year further expanded to 30,000 people，The scope is expanded to all the poor counties and the provinces with relatively low admission rate of key universities。provinces covered in the special plan，Key colleges and universities admitted to rural household registration students by 8.5%over last year。
Future，It will continue to implement the "Supporting Midwest Enrollment Cooperation Plan"，Expansion of the "Special Plan for Rural Poverty Area Orientation Admissions"，Adjust the enrollment rules，Reduce the enrollment ratio of the subordinate universities，benefit more high -quality higher education resources to rural students。Requires universities in various places to adapt to local conditions，Introducing Policy，Establish and improve a long -term mechanism for gradually increasing the proportion of key colleges and universities to recruit rural students。At the same time，Strictly regulate independent enrollment、Admissions behavior of art sports and literary special students，Further regulate the policy of the college entrance examination，Create a fair competition for rural students。
Q:、Pipes for a long time。Next step，How to strengthen 188bet mobile app android 188bet online sports betting the system construction，improving the long -term mechanism of ensuring fairness?
Answer: Promote education fairness，It is necessary to effectively solve the problem of hot and difficult problems that affect education fairness at the same time，Pay more attention to institutional construction，Improve long -term mechanism，Consolidation of the results of the fairness of education，For the long -term development of "bottom"。It is necessary to accelerate the cleanup of educational laws, regulations, regulations and management systems that are not conducive to education and fairness、Comprehensively promote the disclosure of government affairs、Based on the disclosure of school affairs，Focus on promoting three tasks。
First, to speed up the formulation of education standards。Standards have general binding force，For maintaining fair education、Ensure that all students get a certain quality education，It is important。In recent years，Education standards at the national level have been established one after another，But in general，Not enough system，Some standards are no longer suitable for the needs of education development。To continue to speed up the pace，Develop various educational standards，Gradually form a rich Chinese characteristics、Education standard system at the world level。
Second is to strengthen education supervision。Last year，The State Council promulgated the first "Education Supervision Regulations" since the founding of New China，Established the Education Supervision Committee of the State Council。Next step，It will further improve the education supervision system，Strengthen the construction of the supervision team，Integrated supervision resources，Strengthen supervision authority，Improve quality monitoring standard system。Focusing on the implementation of the party's education policy and promoting the key issues in quality education，Grasp the outstanding problems in education fairness and quality of education，The physical and mental health of students who care about the masses、Excessive school burden、Selecting school chaos and other hot issues，Carry out special supervision。The results of the supervision are disclosed to the society，Accept social supervision。
Third is to strengthen education monitoring。It is mainly monitored by social organizations to carry out education satisfaction evaluation and educational modernization indicators。Education satisfaction evaluation work，Including both aspects of whether government education and school work are satisfied。Education modernization indicators monitoring work，One of the important parts is education fairness，It will (consolidation rate) for various levels of education (consolidation)、Proportion of public schools with children with relocated children、Education level of disabled adolescents、Funding proportion and level of students' financial difficulties、The degree of compulsory education in the county and province、Student employment rate and employment quality、School contribution rate and other indicators to monitor and evaluate。Monitoring through satisfaction evaluation and modernization indicators，Discover the problem in time，Find the gap accurately，to improve the fairness of education、Education that the people are satisfied with。(Editor in charge: Cheng Jiating)
